The urban transformation process, which aims to renew buildings at risk of earthquake, is of great importance in terms of both building safety and quality of life. Urban transformation application procedures; It consists of many stages such as risk identification, official applications, release process and entitlement.
Knowing how the process proceeds and the application requirements can help carry out the transactions more smoothly.
What does Urban Transformation mean?
Urban transformation is a transformation process that aims to demolish buildings that are at risk of earthquakes, have completed their economic life, or are at risk of severe damage, and to be rebuilt with safer and more modern structures. In Turkey, this process is basically carried out within the scope of Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk.
In Law No. 6306, a risky building is defined as a building that has completed its economic life or is determined by scientific and technical data to be at risk of collapse or serious damage. After the risky building is identified, demolition, reconstruction, evacuation and entitlement processes can be initiated for the building.
In addition to apartment buildings, urban transformation applications may also include workplaces, sites and, in some cases, detached houses that are determined to be risky. The Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change, municipalities, TOKİ and licensed organizations take an active role in the process.
What are the Conditions for Urban Transformation?
In order for a building to be included in the scope of urban transformation, it must meet certain technical and legal criteria. The risk assessment process is of great importance, especially for structures that are at risk of earthquake or are thought to have completed their economic life. Urban transformation application requirements are evaluated according to the condition of the building, land registry records and official examination results.
- The building must be determined as a risky building.
- Risk identification must be made by institutions licensed by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change.
- Title deed certificate and identity information are requested during the application.
- Illegal or unlicensed parts of the building may be subject to additional scrutiny during the process.
- Flat owners may be required to make a majority decision in certain processes.
- Declaring the area where the building is located as a risky area may also be included in the scope of transformation.
- The risk assessment report must be officially approved.
- Objection processes must be carried out within the specified legal periods.
In the process carried out within the scope of the Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk, evacuation, demolition and reconstruction stages can be started after the risky building decision is finalized.
How Does the Urban Transformation Application Process Proceed?
The urban transformation process is a multi-step process that starts with the identification of risky buildings and continues until the reconstruction phase after demolition. Applications can usually be initiated by one of the flat owners, and official institutions, municipalities and licensed organizations act together throughout the process.
In the first stage, a risky structure determination is made for the building. This process is carried out through organizations licensed by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change. The prepared technical report is forwarded to the relevant institution and if the building is approved as a "risky building", the process officially begins.
After the risky building decision is finalized, building owners are informed about the evacuation and demolition procedures within a certain period of time. At this stage, flat owners can hold meetings on issues such as contractor selection for the new project, land share distribution and reconstruction decisions.
Some support and assurances may also be provided to owners within the scope of urban transformation homeowner rights. Beneficiaries who meet the appropriate conditions can benefit from rental assistance, moving support or loan support. Owners also have the right to object to the risk determination and access official information about the process. After the demolition process is completed, the municipal license processes are initiated and the construction phase for the new building begins. Conversion time may vary depending on the size of the project, licensing procedures and contractor process.
Where to Apply for Urban Transformation?
Urban transformation applications can be made through the Provincial Directorates of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change, municipalities and risk detection organizations licensed by the Ministry. The process usually starts with an application for risky building determination.
During the application, title deed certificate, identity information and some technical documents related to the structure may be requested. After the risky structure report is approved, the evacuation, demolition and reconstruction processes are officially progressed.
How Does an Old Building Enter into Urban Transformation?
In order for an old building to be included within the scope of urban transformation, it must first be identified as a risky building within the scope of Law No. 6306. This determination is made by institutions and organizations licensed by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change. If the building is found to be risky as a result of the technical examination, a "risky building" annotation can be entered in the land registry.
After the risky building decision is finalized, an official notification is sent to the owners and the demolition process for the building is initiated. Urban transformation evacuation period is generally shaped according to the legal deadlines and objection processes. After the evacuation process is completed, the municipal license processes begin and the construction phase for the new building can begin.
How Long Does the Urban Transformation Process Take?
Urban transformation period; It may vary depending on the size of the building, number of owners, licensing procedures and construction process. While risky building identification, objection process, evacuation and demolition processes are usually completed within a few months, the construction of a new building may take between 1 and 3 years in most projects.
Especially in big cities, licensing processes, contractor agreements and the reconciliation process between flat owners can directly affect the total time.
Does a Detached House Include in Urban Transformation?
Detached houses can also be included in the scope of urban transformation if certain conditions are met. Risky construction process can be initiated especially for buildings that are at risk of earthquake, are likely to be seriously damaged, or are determined to have completed their economic life. Within the scope of Law No. 6306 on the Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk, single-storey or detached buildings can also be included in the transformation process. For this, first of all, technical examination must be carried out by licensed organizations. In some cases, detached house owners can also benefit from rental assistance, loan support and other conversion supports. However, the scope of support may vary depending on the condition of the building, the region it is located in and current legislation.
Before starting the urban transformation process, it is important to evaluate in detail criteria such as building condition, location and environmental development potential. Conducting real estate area analysis, especially in investment and reconstruction decisions, can help make healthier decisions in terms of future value increase and life advantages.
